Workplace operations insights

Models for hybrid working: examples from Germany

Overview: Hybrid working models in comparison

Hybrid working can be implemented in many ways. Different models are suitable depending on the size of the company, the task structure and the team culture. The following overview shows proven hybrid models, their characteristics and typical areas of application.

1. 3:2 model

Description:
‍Employees work three days in the office and two days remotely. The distribution is either uniform across the company or regulated on a team-by-team basis.

Advantages
Clear structure with high acceptance. Can be easily combined with desk-sharing concepts.

Possible disadvantages:
‍Little flexibility for individuals and more complicated for part-time workers.

2. Fixed attendance days

Description:
‍Certain days of the week are designated for everyone to be present in the office, for example Tuesday to Thursday. Remote working is the norm on the other days.

Advantages
‍Strengthens team spirit and facilitates coordination, as it is clear when everyone is available.

Possible disadvantages:
Leads to peak loads in office utilisation, meaning that a separate workstation must be provided for each employee. From the employees' perspective, the model is very rigid.

3. Team rotation / cohort model

Description:
‍Employees or teams take turns working in the office. For example, week A team 1, week B team 2. The groups are fixed.

Advantages:
Very efficient and predictable use of office capacity.

Possible disadvantages:
Complex to organise, cooperation between the alternating teams is difficult.

4. Free choice with framework conditions

Description:
‍Employees decide for themselves when they come to the office, within an agreed framework, for example 4 days a month, with a booking requirement.

Advantages:
High level of personal responsibility, high satisfaction, ideal for well-functioning teams. Attendance patterns become predictable over time and can therefore be planned.

Possible disadvantages:
Requires booking systems and trust in the personal responsibility of each individual.

5. Remote-first

Description:
‍Work is primarily done remotely. The office is provided as an option, primarily for meetings or individual use.

Advantages:
High degree of location independence, access to a global talent pool, low fixed costs for the office.

Possible disadvantages:
Risk of disconnection from the company, social isolation, more difficult management.

6. Office-first with home office allowance

Description:
‍The office serves as the standard workplace, with, for example, one day per week working from home.

Advantages:
Easy to implement, few technical and organisational hurdles, easy to manage.

Possible disadvantages:
Little scope for employees to shape their working environment, can be perceived as a sign of control, culturally outdated for many employees.

7. Project-based presence

Description:
The place of work is determined on a project-by-project basis, for example for a kick-off event in the office. Implementation then takes place remotely and reviews are conducted on attendance days.

Advantages:
Adaptable to project phases, good balance between collaboration and focus phases.

Possible disadvantages: 
High coordination effort, can become confusing with many parallel projects.

8. Hybrid shift model

Description:
‍Teams work in fixed shifts, for example, in the office in the morning and remotely in the afternoon, or alternating weekly.

Advantages:
Clear planning, continuous coverage, often easy to combine with operational requirements.

Possible disadvantages:
Limited freedom to make decisions, complex shift planning, higher demands on IT and infrastructure.

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Examples of companies with hybrid working models

Many medium-sized companies and corporations have developed their own models for hybrid working, always adapted to team size, task type and location structure.

1. Taxfix: The Berlin-based FinTech company allows employees to work remotely for up to six weeks a year, even from abroad. Within Germany, teams decide for themselves how to combine office and remote working hours. This is coordinated within the team.
2. Urban Sports Club: Here, a standard for hybrid working applies: 50% office, 50% remote. In addition, the company offers up to four months of location-independent working in Europe.
3. Kaufland: Hybrid working models are now established in Kaufland's administrative departments. Office attendance and mobile working are combined depending on the situation.
4. Cisco Austria: Cisco Austria publicly advocates hybrid working models, both within its own company and in terms of social change. In a recent survey, 43% of employees in Austria were identified as staunch supporters of hybrid working.
5. SAP: Employees at SAP decide together with their team how often they come to the office. There is no universal rule, but rather a free arrangement within the framework of a global hybrid programme. Physical presence depends on tasks and collaboration requirements.
6. Allianz: At Allianz, hybrid working is regulated by a binding works agreement: up to 60% of working hours may be carried out remotely. The exact arrangements are left to the teams.
7. Siemens: Since 2020, Siemens has allowed up to three days of mobile working per week in many areas. The switch between office and remote working is based on trust and dialogue with managers.
   

Tip: Here you can find success stories from companies that work hybrid with PULT.

How do I find the right hybrid model for my team?

The right hybrid model should bring together the interests of your company and those of your employees. The most important points to clarify for this alignment are predictability, team cohesion, secure processes, employee autonomy and decision-making freedom, and a good environment for concentrated work.

1. Observe behaviour, don't assume
Before you establish rules for a hybrid model, take a look at how your team already works today. If you currently work in a very flexible model, you will be surprised at how clearly certain patterns emerge.

This is easy with PULT Presence, as employee attendance in the office is recorded as soon as one of their devices connects to the company Wi-Fi. This means no extra work for your colleagues, but you get a realistic picture of how your team actually behaves. From this, you can already learn a lot about their wishes.

2. Hold discussions, gather employee opinions
Supplement the measurements with workshops and employee surveys. Work with your team to determine what is needed for concentrated work, what is necessary for good coordination among colleagues, and what an ideal working week looks like. These answers will gradually give rise to criteria for your hybrid model.

3. Choose a model and establish structures
From the combination of data, opinions and criteria, you can deduce what your well-functioning hybrid model will look like.

In PULT, you can observe your team's attendance behaviour after the binding introduction of your model. The integrated employee feedback function allows you to easily gather the opinions of your colleagues.

The utilisation data shows you how well your model is working. You can see which structures are used frequently: specific workstations, equipment, rooms and zones. You can also see what is not necessary, can be dismantled and put to a more frequently used purpose.

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Examples of hybrid working – Frequently asked questions and answers

Desk sharing in employment law

The most important information about desk sharing in employment law at a glance:

• Desk sharing is permissible under labour law, but not unconditionally. The use of a workplace by several people is permitted as long as occupational health and safety, data protection and co-determination rights are upheld.
• Co-determination by the works council: The works council must be involved in the introduction and use of booking systems, clean desk policies and workplace allocation in accordance with Section 87 (1) of the Works Constitution Act (BetrVG).
• Occupational health and safety applies without restriction, even in the case of changing workstations. Every shared workstation must be ergonomically designed, hygienically maintained and individually adjustable. A risk assessment is mandatory.
• Only necessary data may be processed by desk booking systems. It is not permissible to draw conclusions about the behaviour of individual employees.

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Is desk sharing permitted under labour law?

Yes, desk sharing is generally permitted. Employers may determine how work is organised within the scope of their managerial authority (Section 106 of the Trade Regulation Act). This also includes the design of workstations.

However, this right to issue instructions is limited where occupational health and safety law, data protection or the co-determination rights of the works council come into play.

It is important that desk sharing does not entail any unreasonable disadvantages for employees:

• Workplaces must be equipped to the same standard.
• Availability must be guaranteed.
• Personal rights such as the protection of health or privacy must not be impaired.

Purely economic reasons, such as saving office space, are not sufficient to implement measures that violate other protective rights. The admissibility under labour law therefore always depends on the specific design and accompanying regulations.

Works council's right of co-determination in desk sharing

The introduction of desk sharing is subject to co-determination in accordance with Section 87 (1) BetrVG. Relevant co-determination issues include, in particular:

No. 1: Organisation of the workplace and conduct of employees
If desk sharing regulates behaviour in the workplace, for example through a clean desk policy, fixed booking rules or zone concepts, the works council must be involved.

No. 6: Technical monitoring equipment
If a digital booking system is used that allows conclusions to be drawn about the behaviour, attendance or performance of employees, this is only permissible in compliance with the GDPR and is also subject to co-determination in accordance with Section 87 (1) No. 6 BetrVG.

Depending on the design, Section 90 BetrVG (rights to information) may also apply if the change in the workplaces constitutes a redesign of the working environment. This applies in particular if structural changes, furnishing or room concepts are affected.

Case law recognises that desk-sharing models with a structural or disciplinary effect (e.g. clean desk, reduced number of permanent workstations, visitor control via booking systems) are subject to co-determination.

In a recent case, the Baden-Württemberg Regional Labour Court (2024) ruled that even the design of free workplace choice with supplementary rules of use may not be determined unilaterally by the employer. (File number 21 TaBV 7/24)

Data protection in desk sharing

The use of booking systems, access controls or presence sensors in connection with desk sharing generates personal data. This includes information on working hours, attendance, workplace use or booking history. This data is subject to the provisions of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and may only be processed if there is a legal basis for doing so.

As a rule, data processing is based on Art. 6(1)(f) GDPR (legitimate interest of the employer), for example for the purpose of organising workplace occupancy.

The principle of data minimisation applies here: only as much information may be collected as is necessary for the purpose. Blanket collection of movement or behaviour data is not permitted.

In addition, the employer is obliged to inform employees transparently about the purpose, scope and storage period of data processing in accordance with Art. 13 GDPR. If there is a works council, it must be involved in the selection and introduction of appropriate systems in accordance with Section 87(1)(6) BetrVG.

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Occupational safety in desk sharing

The same occupational health and safety requirements apply to shared workstations as to designated individual workstations. The relevant basis for this is the Workplace Ordinance (ArbStättV).

Employers are obliged to set up workplaces in such a way that the safety and health of employees is guaranteed, regardless of whether a workplace is used permanently or alternately.

The requirements are derived from:

• § 3a ArbStättV: Design of the workplace in accordance with ergonomic principles
• § 4 ArbStättV: Regular cleaning and hygienic conditions
• Workplace Regulation ASR A1.2, which formulates requirements for space requirements and furniture, among other things.

Every booked workplace must be ergonomically adjustable (e.g. height-adjustable chair, correctly positionable screen), provide adequate lighting and be cleaned regularly, especially if there are frequent changes of users. In any case, the equipment must meet the requirements of the respective job profile.

In addition, a risk assessment in accordance with Section 5 of the ArbSchG is also required for desk sharing. The risks associated with changing workplaces, such as a lack of adjustment options or unclear responsibilities for maintenance and cleaning, must be taken into account and documented.

Typical challenges of labour law in desk sharing

Desk sharing brings organisational changes and potential conflicts in everyday working life. You can avoid these by considering the technical, legal and cultural framework conditions from the outset.

1. Overbooking and lack of workspaces
If the number of available workstations does not reliably match actual demand, dissatisfaction will arise. You can prevent this with a booking system that shows utilisation rates, allowing you to plan capacity based on real demand.

Tip: You can get a complete overview of utilisation and peak times in PULT's Office Insights.

2. Lack of planning security for employees
Your employees need to be able to rely on their journey to work not being in vain because there is no space available. A binding regulation on booking and use, for example in a works agreement or team guideline, creates certainty here. Then let your team make binding bookings for their preferred workspaces in the PULT desk booking software.

3. Personal belongings and storage
In an office with a clean desk policy, the question arises as to where personal materials such as keyboards, documents or private items can be stored. Lockers, personal rolling containers and personal IT equipment (e.g. laptops with docking stations, headsets) are practical and proven solutions.

4. Lack of quiet areas
Stress levels increase when all work has to be done in a shared open-plan office. With desk sharing, it is important to ensure that employees have access to quiet areas for concentrated work and confidential conversations and phone calls.

When is desk sharing compatible with occupational health and safety?

Whether desk sharing is permissible under labour law depends largely on whether occupational health and safety requirements can be met. The Workplace Ordinance (§ 3a, § 4 ArbStättV) requires, among other things, ergonomic workplaces, regular cleaning, adequate lighting and individually adjustable equipment. These standards must also be met when usage changes.

For you, this means:

Desk sharing only makes sense and is legally viable where workplaces are standardised, fully equipped and can be used without risk, regardless of who uses them.

When are desk sharing and occupational health and safety compatible?

• If the work is predominantly digital, location-independent and physically undemanding, ergonomic standards can be ensured by providing equivalent, standard-compliant equipment at all workstations.
• If all workstations have identical screens, input devices and ergonomic chairs, changing users can work without any health risks. Provided that individual adjustments (e.g. table height, screen distance) are possible.
• If quiet individual workstations, meeting rooms and retreat areas are planned and provided, psychological stress caused by sensory overload or constant reorientation can also be reduced.

When are desk sharing and occupational health and safety incompatible?

• Desk sharing is not well suited for employees with orthopaedic chairs, special screen readers or other adapted technology. They require permanently furnished workstations. These requirements are difficult to reconcile with changing workstations without violating § 3a ArbStättV or § 5 ArbSchG.
• Those who work exclusively in open desk-sharing zones without access to quiet rooms or retreat areas are exposed to increased psychological stress. This may violate the employer's duty of care.
• Workspaces that are used by different people every day must be cleaned and technically inspected on a regular basis. If there are no clear processes in place for this, there is an increased risk of hygiene and safety deficiencies.

Desk sharing can therefore only be operated safely where all occupational health and safety requirements can be monitored and met on a sustainable basis. The decision for or against a desk sharing model should therefore always be part of the risk assessment and not be based solely on space efficiency or cost reasons.

Conclusion: Reconciling desk sharing and labour law in your company

Desk sharing changes the requirements for planning, management and legal diligence with regard to workplaces. If you allocate workplaces in your company on a rotating basis, you are directly interfering with the organisation of work and must comply with the provisions of labour law.

Legal risks do not arise from desk sharing itself, but from implementation without a clear structure. Ergonomically inadequate equipment, a lack of private spaces and unclear booking rules lead to violations of occupational health and safety, co-determination and data protection, often unintentionally.

With PULT, you can lay the foundation for organising desk sharing in a legally compliant and team-friendly manner.

• Workstation booking according to ergonomic criteria using the filter function (height-adjustable desks, multiple monitors, etc.)
• Zone planning with retreat options
• Automated documentation of utilisation, for example for risk assessments or works agreements.
• No conclusions about the work and booking behaviour of individual employees

Office Insights show you how the office is actually used and thus help you with planning.

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Desk sharing in labour law – frequently asked questions and answers

Advantages and disadvantages of desk sharing

What are the advantages of desk sharing?

Desk sharing can help you to better organise the workspaces in your office, reduce their number in some cases and thus make more conscious use of the available space than before. This gives you and your team spaces that are better suited to your way of working and have a more modern feel overall.

Fewer desks, more space for employees

If your employees work from home part of the time, desks in the office will be empty. You can therefore reduce the number of desks and have your team share the available workspaces.

This step frees up space that you can make available to your team for other purposes. You can set up quiet zones for concentrated work or areas with rolling tables and movable partitions that work groups can reconfigure for their projects.

👉 According to Fraunhofer IAO, up to 30% less office space for desks is possible if workspaces are distributed intelligently.

You adapt the office to actual behaviour

Attendance fluctuates much more today than it used to. In many teams, employees are in the office two to three days a week, spread across different days of the week.

When you introduce desk sharing, you align your office with these actual usage patterns instead of a rigid full occupancy. This prevents individual spaces, entire offices or seating areas from standing empty and ensures that you can better plan the available space and layout.

Communication between departments improves

When seating is redistributed on a daily basis, colleagues from different teams get to talk to each other. This improves communication in everyday work, especially in areas where information is not only shared in meetings, but also in passing.

These conversations broaden everyone's perspective and increase understanding of each other's work.

You can react more quickly to changes

When you hire new employees or the team structure changes, you don't have to adjust the entire office space every time and you are not tied to a rigid configuration.

With desk sharing, you use the existing workspaces in such a way that everything works even during growth or restructuring. New employees simply fit into the ongoing workflow. There is no need to set up a new desk and hardware for them when they start work.

Keep an eye on office utilisation and the use of workspaces and meeting rooms with Office Insights from PULT. With the figures in front of you, you can react to emerging changes.

You reduce resource consumption

By reducing space requirements, desk sharing can significantly contribute to ensuring that you do not have to move to a larger property as your company grows. You remain in a comparatively smaller space with lower energy requirements, less cleaning and fewer equipment costs.

If more employees work remotely or in a hybrid model at the same time, CO₂ emissions from daily commuting are also reduced. Desk sharing can therefore help to achieve operational sustainability goals without compromising performance.

What are the disadvantages of desk sharing?

Desk sharing leads to problems when more employees come to the office at the same time than there are seats available. If there are no binding booking rules, this can lead to misunderstandings. In addition, the requirements for cleaning and coordination within the team increase.

Lack of available workspaces

If more employees come to the office at the same time than there are seats available, workspaces have to be improvised or some employees have to leave the office and switch to working from home or coworking spaces.

You can avoid this situation entirely by regularly checking capacity utilisation and introducing a reliable booking system. To check this, you can use the desk sharing ratio as a measure of the ratio of your number of employees to the number of workspaces currently available.

No personalisation of the workplace

Desk sharing eliminates the need for a fixed workstation with permanently placed personal items and individual storage space. Even the monitor, desk height and office chair are still set to the previous user's preferences when you start work.

Offer your employees the opportunity to store personal items, work equipment and documents securely. Lockers or lockable rolling containers are ideal for this purpose. This allows employees to continue using their favourite mug and placing family photos on their desk every day.

When purchasing new office equipment, make sure that monitors, chairs and desks are very easy to adjust. Height-adjustable desks are available with quick-select buttons that can be used to select different heights.

Greater organisational effort

Desk sharing only works if the process is clearly regulated. This includes booking systems, definable zones and information about which workstations are available and when. The handling of short-term changes or colleagues who do not show up must also be defined.

The larger your team, the more important it is to have binding desk sharing rules, for example in the form of an internal guideline or works agreement.

Hygiene and equipment requirements increase

If a different person uses the same workstation every day, the cleaning interval must be adjusted. Surfaces, keyboards, mice and chairs need to be cleaned more frequently than with fixed workstations.

The technical equipment must also be suitable for changing users. Height-adjustable chairs, easily positionable monitors and standardised connections (docking stations) are necessary so that every workstation is immediately ready for use, regardless of who is using it.

Irregular personal contact

With changing workstations, it can be more difficult to meet certain colleagues or make arrangements in person. If you can't find anyone in the office with whom you want or need to work, you lose time or postpone upcoming tasks. New employees and cross-location teams in particular need clear information about who is in the office and when.

In PULT, your employees can see where other colleagues are working. This makes it easier for them to sit next to each other. You can also reserve individual areas for specific groups or departments.

Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of desk sharing

Advantages

• Unoccupied desks are saved when employees also work from home.
• Freed-up space can be redesigned for quiet zones or team areas.
• Office occupancy adapts over time to the actual behaviour of the teams.
• Teams mix more; there is more exchange between departments.
• The number of workstations can be scaled in response to changes without requiring additional space.
• Resource consumption decreases: energy, cleaning, furniture and commuting.

Disadvantages

• Bottlenecks can arise if no booking software is used and more employees come to the office at the same time than there are seats available.
• The workplace must be adjusted daily to suit the individual's height; lockers must be purchased for personal belongings.
• The organisational effort increases: booking, communication and utilisation must be managed.
• Cleaning must be carried out more frequently as workstations are used by different people.
• Spontaneous coordination is limited to digital channels when it is not clear who is in the office and when.

When is desk sharing worthwhile?

Desk sharing is worthwhile if employees already work in a hybrid manner and do not have any specialised requirements for their workplace. Daily use can then be organised with fewer desks without compromising productivity.

The model is less suitable or not suitable at all for activities that require fixed and special equipment or involve confidential conversations at the workplace. Desk sharing also has its limits in teams with a high office presence.

Desk sharing is suitable if...

• Employees regularly work in a hybrid manner: Those who are only in the office two or three days a week do not need a fixed workstation. In such teams, occupancy remains predictable on average.
• Workstations are equipped with standardised equipment: Uniform furniture, monitors, connections and technical requirements ensure that every workstation can be used by anyone without the need for reconfiguration or technical hurdles.
• Tasks can be performed regardless of location: Those who work with a laptop and headset and do not need any special equipment or documents can easily work in different locations.
• Communication is well organised: if it is clear to the team who is in the office and when, coordination works even without fixed seating arrangements.
  

Desk sharing is not suitable if ...

• Employees have special ergonomic or medical requirements. Those who rely on special equipment, such as orthopaedic chairs or individual monitors for image processing, should keep a fixed seat.
• Work is mainly confidential: staff appraisals or other very personal conversations; handling data that must remain confidential.

How can desk sharing be implemented successfully?

Desk sharing is a tool for adapting your office to the actual use and working behaviour of your team. If employees regularly work in a hybrid manner, you can save space by sharing workstations and use this space to benefit your team in other ways.

It is important that you take a structured approach to implementation:

You need clearly defined booking procedures, standardised equipment for each workspace and software that shows you how much your office is being used over time.

With the desk booking software PULT, your team can book workspaces, rooms and zones with a single click. Your employees can see directly which spaces are available, filter by equipment and see where their teammates are already sitting.

At the same time, you can evaluate the office usage data in Office Insights and see which rooms and zones are particularly popular and which ones you can remove or convert.

Tip: Here you will find inspiration for modern office concepts and help with workplace management.

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Advantages and disadvantages of desk sharing – frequently asked questions and answers

Desk sharing: Rules for introduction and daily collaboration

The most important points about desk sharing rules in brief:

• Desk sharing requires clear rules for behaviour, organisation and technology.
• The earlier all colleagues are involved, the more successful the acceptance of desk sharing rules and the cooperation of the team will be.
• The desk sharing rules should be written down, communicated and easily accessible (e.g. on the intranet).
• With PULT, desk sharing rules can be easily implemented thanks to desk bookings, automatic check-ins and utilisation analysis.
• The rules are most effective when there is an open feedback culture and the guidelines are continuously developed.

What types of rules are needed for desk sharing?

In desk sharing, fixed desks give way to a system in which employees decide and book where they work on a daily basis. This requires a certain degree of coordination and rules.

Desk sharing affects various levels of everyday working life, each of which has its own requirements. The types of rules also differ accordingly:

• Rules of conduct (etiquette): These concern immediate interaction in the workplace. They are about respect, consideration and adherence to common standards. Examples: do not leave rubbish or food leftovers behind, keep noise levels down, tidy away personal belongings at the end of the day.
• Organisational rules: Who can work where and when? How are bookings made? Are there any restrictions? These questions need to be addressed in the form of guidelines and internal FAQs, or the answers should be stored in the booking system itself. Responsibilities such as technical problems also fall into this area.
• Technical rules: Organised desk sharing is managed via software: booking tools, room occupancy displays or calendar integration. The systems themselves define rules about who has access, how far in advance bookings can be made, and whether a space is released again if the person does not show up.
• Formal vs. informal rules: Some rules are not written down and develop over time as part of the culture or through habits within the team. Others, however, should be documented in order to create commitment and benefit the well-being of all.

The 9 most important rules for desk sharing

The following rules are suitable for posting in your office. They define the basic behaviour for using the workspaces.

1. Reservations only via the booking system
Desks, rooms and zones can only be reserved via our booking system. Bookings can be made in advance, even days or weeks beforehand. Blocking spaces with bags or jackets is not permitted.

Tip: Find out more about the PULT desk booking system here.

2. Leave your workspace as you would like to find it
Clear your space after work. Only leave the fixed equipment on the table. Remove any food leftovers, wipe down the desk if necessary and make sure that the next person can start without any hassle.

3. Take your personal belongings with you every day
Do not leave personal items behind permanently, even if you have already booked the same space for the next day. Use our lockers and storage compartments for storage. Find out more under Clean Desk.

4. Only occupy what you really need
Adjust your booking to your usage and reserve exactly what you need for your work. However, avoid using larger desks or meeting rooms on your own. Others may need these spaces later. Use the space as efficiently as possible.

5. Do not hold meetings at the shared desk
Telephone calls, video calls and group meetings should be held in designated rooms whenever possible. If you have no alternative, use headphones or keep your conversation brief. The open workspace is intended for concentrated work.

6. Respect the peace and quiet of others
Do not talk across several desks, avoid loud noises or long phone calls. If you want to discuss something with your team, change location or speak quietly.

7. Hygiene is everyone's responsibility
‍Use our hygiene stations, where you will find disinfectant spray and wipes. Wipe down your desk and chair armrests as needed.

8. Stay at home if you are ill
If you feel ill, work from home or call in sick. We respect the health of our colleagues and want to avoid infection as much as possible.

9. Address rule violations fairly
If you notice that colleagues are repeatedly ignoring the rules, address it. If this is not possible or is met with resistance, bring it up in the team meeting, talk to us or send us an anonymous message.

What needs to be regulated before introducing desk sharing?

Desk sharing changes daily routines, the functions and use of rooms, and the understanding of roles within the team. Therefore, it is important to introduce the concept in a well-thought-out manner. This begins with clear rules and responsibilities.

Communicating the introduction of desk sharing

Before you introduce desk sharing, your team should understand why the concept is being introduced and what benefits it promises. Communicate openly and objectively to manage expectations and address any uncertainties that arise immediately.

Involve your team in the rules for the new working model at a very early stage. Use question and answer sessions and provide opportunities for feedback. You should signal that you are open to concerns and reservations at any time and that you take them seriously.

Create the right conditions

• How many places are available?
• Are there any restrictions, such as fixed team zones?
• Will work be done with or without booking?
• Are there special arrangements for certain roles or on certain days?

Document these points and make them available internally. This can be done on the intranet, in the onboarding area or as a notice in the office.

Assign responsibilities

Determine who is responsible for the booking system and who can be contacted if rules are not followed. Also determine who is responsible for ensuring compliance with the rules and who should check compliance regularly.

Unspoken desk sharing rules: etiquette

Interpersonal etiquette complements the formal rules with what is often tacitly expected in everyday working life: consideration, attentiveness and a feel for the situation. This is particularly important in desk sharing because personal routines and working methods take place in shared spaces. Minor tensions can disrupt the flow of work.

Etiquette refers to polite, functional behaviour in a shared space. In other words, behaviour that is in line with the desk sharing concept and the working methods of colleagues.

Ask questions instead of interpreting
If you want to use a space that may already look occupied, for example by a jacket or a notebook, talk to the person instead of simply moving things aside. Especially in open-plan workspaces, communication is often a better solution than interpretation.

Tip: In PULT, the reservation status and usage of all workspaces are immediately visible. A glance at the office plan makes it immediately clear which spaces are actually occupied or free.

Avoid territorial behaviour
Desk pads, lamps or personal coffee cups almost act as a territorial claim. If desk sharing is really a consistent concept in your workplace, then the rule is: everyone adheres to the posted rules and stores personal items in a locker at the end of the working day.

Be considerate with noise
You cannot and should not avoid all noise, but you can be considerate. Only listen to music and voice messages through headphones. Limit the length of phone calls or move to other areas for longer conversations.

Do not reconfigure devices and technology
After you have finished work, your workspace should be returned to its neutral state. This applies, for example, to the position of the monitor and chair.

Reduce sources of scent and noise
Strong perfume, loud chewing gum or opening food with a strong smell can disturb others. However, many people are too polite to mention it. Therefore, be sensitive about this yourself.

Respect silent signals
If someone is sitting with noise-cancelling headphones, has their screen tilted significantly to the side, is wearing a hood or is otherwise visibly isolating themselves, this is a silent but clear signal. You should only approach these colleagues with matters that cannot wait.

Desk sharing rules for booking software

Booking systems for desk sharing set rules that are not always documented separately but directly influence everyday office life. They determine when a workspace can be reserved, how long a booking is valid, what happens in case of no-shows, and who has which rights in the system.

If these rules for desk sharing software have consequences for employees or collaboration, you should disclose them to your team.

Booking requirements and deadlines
In some booking systems, you have to book your space in advance, while in others you can check in spontaneously. It is important that everyone knows when bookings can be made, how far in advance reservations are possible, and whether certain days or times are blocked. Cancellation deadlines also play a role: if you cancel too late, you may be blocking a space that others could have used.

Tip: In PULT, you can book your workspace in advance or check in when you enter the office. With PULT Presence, this is even done completely automatically.

No-show rules
Automatic release is a useful feature in the software: if someone does not take their booked space within a specified time window, the space is released again for all colleagues.

Rights and roles
In good booking software, booking rights can be distributed differently. Some users are only allowed to make reservations for themselves, while others, such as team leaders or assistants, can also book spaces for colleagues. Workspaces or zones can also be reserved for specific groups. You should communicate these role and access structures openly to your team.

Integration into calendar and communication
PULT can be linked to Outlook, Google Calendar or MS Teams. This means that desk bookings are displayed directly in the calendar or can be adjusted with a single click.

Data protection and tracking
The PULT booking software allows you to evaluate office usage and utilisation and shows permanently booked and rarely used workspaces. However, in order to remain GDPR-compliant, no conclusions about the booking behaviour and attendance of individual employees may be drawn from this data.

Put desk sharing rules in writing: template for your company

If you introduce desk sharing in your company, you should put the most important rules in writing. This gives your team the necessary guidance and helps them to use the system reliably in everyday life.

Above all, rules on booking, use, consideration in everyday life, technology, check-ins and exceptions should be recorded, i.e. all points that could lead to misunderstandings in everyday working life. Depending on your organisation, you can design the rules as a short overview on the intranet, as a notice or as part of an internal desk sharing policy.

Booking:
Workspaces must be booked in advance via PULT. Last-minute changes are possible as long as spaces are available.

Use:
Workstations must be completely cleared after use. Personal belongings may not be left behind permanently.

Conduct:
Conversations should be held at a normal volume; no phone calls without a headset. Please be considerate of colleagues who are concentrating on their work.

Technology:
Monitors, docking stations and accessories may be shared, but must not be permanently moved.

Check-in:
The workstation is considered occupied once you have checked in. Unused reservations will be released after 20 minutes.

Absence:
In the event of illness, holiday or remote working days, the booking should be cancelled in good time.

Support:
For technical questions or booking problems, please contact [name or function]. Feedback on usage is welcome.

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What typical problems can be solved by desk sharing rules?

Clear desk sharing rules prevent the typical problems that repeatedly arise with desk sharing: blocked spaces, disruptive noise in the workplace or misunderstandings when booking.

If you identify common problems early on and address them in a targeted manner, you will create the conditions for desk sharing to work in everyday working life. The following examples show which situations are particularly likely to cause dissatisfaction and how you can counteract them with simple rules.

Problem 1: Spaces are kept occupied without anyone being there
Solution 1: Introduce binding bookings with clear check-in times. If you use a system with automatic release in case of no-shows (e.g. after 20 minutes), make this explicit. This will prevent seats from being blocked but left unoccupied.

Problem 2: Personal belongings are left at the workplace permanently
Solution 2: Specify that all workspaces must be cleared at the end of the day and provide personal storage facilities (lockers, boxes) at the same time.

Problem 3: Disturbances caused by phone calls or conversations
Solution 3: Make it clear that shared desks are primarily intended for quiet work. For longer phone calls or consultations, quiet rooms or other areas should be provided and used.

Problem 4: Frustration over workstations that cannot be found
‍Solution 4: Clarify how many spaces are available and how they can be booked. Use the real-time display in PULT and define responsibilities for questions or problems.

Problem 5: Unequal treatment or informal special rules
Solution 5: Ensure that all rules apply equally to everyone, regardless of position or team affiliation. If there are exceptions, for example for graphic designers or video editors with specific hardware requirements, document them in a comprehensible manner.

How do I enforce desk sharing rules?

Desk sharing rules are best established through role modelling, open communication in both directions and comprehensible processes for the entire team. If your team understands why certain rules apply and how they can be applied in everyday life, commitment will develop without the need for constant monitoring.

• Orientation: Give your team clear guidance on what is expected, what rules apply and what behaviour is desired.
• Address violations: Address any violations immediately. Remain direct and objective. Explain the behaviour and point out the applicable rules.
• Feedback and further development: The rules must fit in with everyday life. Therefore, regularly seek feedback from the team and adjust the rules where something proves to be impractical or ambiguous.
• Distribute responsibility: If desk sharing is organised in larger teams or across multiple locations, appoint designated contact persons. They can clarify questions, point out rule violations or collect feedback.

Compliance with desk sharing rules with PULT

PULT is a desk booking software that helps you implement your desk sharing rules. You and your team can use the software to book your desks, meeting rooms and zones. At the same time, you have access to the following functions:

Define booking rights & restrictions
‍With PULT, you can specify exactly who is allowed to book what: you can make certain desks or areas, such as team zones, available only to specific users or teams. This can be done on a daily basis and apply to departments or roles that you specify.‍

Booking duration & advance booking
‍PULT allows you to define booking periods in advance, for example, how far in advance reservations can be made. Resources (seats, rooms, zones) can also be blocked for a period of time, for example, if renovation or cleaning work is scheduled.

Clear rules for the team
The dashboard shows your colleagues which rules apply: who is allowed to book, which spaces are blocked and after how long approvals are granted.

Automatic check-in & no-show rule
The automatic check-in function via your existing Wi-Fi using PULT Presence ensures that booked spaces are automatically occupied or released again after a defined period of time if users do not show up.

Feedback & usage evaluation
With PULT Office Insights, you can analyse the usage of your office, sorted by team, area and time slot. There is also the option of collecting feedback from the team to gauge the effectiveness of the rules or satisfaction with desk sharing.

Tip: Find out more about office evaluation in PULT here and desk booking here.

Desk sharing rules – Frequently asked questions and answers